解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF) are important mediators of fever and inflammation, and are involved in the pathogenesis of sepsis. There is only limited data on serum concentrations of these proinflammatory cytokines in patients with feve...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01716695
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pefloxacin was applied to a newborn suffering from ventriculitis caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae after failure of routine antibiotics. Treatment was successful. Blood and CSF levels were high, thus documenting good CSF penetration. In addition to this case report, a review of the literature regarding seven neonates wi...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF01716707
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pneumopericardium, the presence of air in the pericardial space, is a rare disorder that is usually caused by trauma. We describe a patient given induction chemotherapy for acute myelogenous leukemia who developed pulmonary aspergillosis that resulted in pericarditis and pneumopericardium. He responded to antifungal t...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF01739015
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The question of whether ampicillin and sulbactam are able to penetrate sufficiently into costal cartilage tissue was investigated in 21 children undergoing surgery for funnel chest malformations. The concentrations of both compounds were determined in the core and mantle pieces of samples taken 45 min or 120 min after...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF01739028
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ciprofloxacin were determined for 441 uropathogens from patients with complicated and/or hospital acquired urinary tract infections (UTI). None of the Enterobacteriaceae was resistant (MIC > or = 4 mg/l), but 21.7% of enterococci, 28.3% of Pseudomonas spp. and 38.5% of st...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01793576
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The serum IL-6 and TNF alpha response to cardiopulmonary bypass surgery was studied in 12 patients. Human neutrophil elastase was also measured in order to detect the presence of neutrophil activation. Peripheral venous blood samples were obtained before, during, and 1, 2, 3 and 6 days after surgery. Intra-operative s...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01780764
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acinetobacter is one of the organisms responsible for nosocomial infections in intensive care, neurosurgery, burn and hemodialysis units. There are only a few reports on Acinetobacter infections in neonatal intensive care units. Over a 31 month period, nine cases of Acinetobacter sepsis occurred in our unit, with four...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01728921
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) chemotaxis was evaluated in ten healthy volunteers who had received 600 mg of clindamycin intramuscularly. Serum obtained 3 hours after the administration of clindamycin significantly increased PMNL chemotaxis. Serum obtained at 12 and 24 hours after the administration of the drug di...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01712455
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed the results of passive immunization against CMV in 146 heart transplant recipients. The 65 seronegative recipients were prophylactically treated with anti-CMV immunoglobulins during and after the operation. Twenty-nine of these 65 patients received a seropositive donor heart. CMV infection occurred in 21/6...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01728886
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxic shock syndrome (TSS) is a well-defined clinical syndrome attributed to certain exotoxins produced by Staphylococcus aureus. The acute episode is often characterized by a toxic encephalopathy, possibly caused by direct neurotoxicity of these exotoxins, although this mechanism has never been proven. We describe a ...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01728901
更新日期:1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetics of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV)-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE), M (IgM), A (IgA) and G (IgG) were studied in 421 sera obtained from 19 renal allograft recipients by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cytomegalic inclusion disease (CID) occurred in 11 (57.9%) patients. HCMV infection was diagnosed...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01710536
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intestinal infection by Escherichia coli O157 and other verotoxin (VT) producing E. coli has been increasingly recognized as an important factor for the causation of classic (enteropathic) hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) and hemorrhagic colitis (HC). Toxins most frequently involved are VT1 and VT2. As with other toxin...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01710530
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in Omani patients with renal disease was determined using a second-generation enzyme immunoassay which detects antibodies to three HCV antigens. Based on the results of this assay, 27 of 102 (26.5%) sera from patients on haemodialysis, 11 of 82 (13.4%) sera from kidn...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01710538
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report concerns a case of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) with atypical immune response affecting an infant whose mother had repeated evidence of immunity before pregnancy. Laboratory diagnosis of CRS could only clearly be achieved by virus isolation after the second month of life despite typical clinical featu...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01710747
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two cases of documented HIV-1 transmission by needle stick and one case of probable transmission by eczematous lesion in three nurses in Germany are reported in the period 1988 to 1991. In two of the cases the nurse knew of the AIDS status of the index patient. A review of the three cases reiterates the importance of ...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01739310
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In most cases of respiratory tract infection, antibiotic therapy has to be initiated before the results of microbiological examination are available. The four most common pathogens of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis are pneumococci, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Staphylococcus aureus. Pne...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF01710341
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ciprofloxacin (200 mg) was infused to seven patients at the beginning of elective colorectal surgery. Thirty minutes after the end of infusion (i.e. 60 min after the start of the operation) ciprofloxacin reached concentrations of 1.60 mg/l in serum and of 3.42-6.07 mg/kg fresh weight in the ileum and colon. During the...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01710676
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of repeated episodes of Pseudomonas vesicularis bacteraemia, in a 54-year-old woman with a past history including systemic lupus erythematosus and chronic active autoimmune hepatitis is reported. She was treated with tobramycin and ceftazidime but bacteraemia persisted until surgical resection of the infected t...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01710687
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 38-year-old Omani woman, seven months pregnant, developed extensive zygomycosis involving maxillary and temporal bones. No evidence of any underlying immune deficiency was detected except that which may be attributed to pregnancy. After delivery the patient was treated with repeated courses of amphotericin B, which ...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02033066
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prospective study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and effects on pulmonary function tests of weekly 600 mg aerosolised pentamidine as prophylaxis against Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) amongst two groups of patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Group 1 (primary prophylaxis) consisted o...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01704600
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro activity of clarithromycin alone and in combination with its primary human metabolite, 14-hydroxy-clarithromycin, was determined against 203 strains of Haemophilus influenzae. Microdilution broth MICs and MBCs of both clarithromycin and 14-hydroxy-clarithromycin were determined. The clarithromycin MIC50 w...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01704612
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cefoperazone, an antibiotic commonly used for prophylaxis of infection, has been associated with hypoprothrombinemia and bleeding. To reduce the risk of bleeding, co-administration of vitamin K has been advised. We reassessed the need for vitamin K use in a retrospective analysis of 50 patients undergoing urologic pro...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01704604
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the diagnostic value of a direct immunofluorescence test (DIF-test), urethral samples and first catch urine (FCU) from 153 male patients attending an outpatient clinic for sexually transmitted diseases (STD) were studied. Of the male patients, 40 (26.1%) had a positive urethral culture, 39 (25.5%) had a...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01711077
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present the case of an 11-month-old male infant who had been BCG vaccinated as a neonate. At the age of nine months, he developed a localized tumor above his right mamilla. The tumor destroyed the fourth rib and infiltrated the surrounding soft tissue. X-ray and CT scan suggested a malignant neoplasm. Histology, ho...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01711073
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of cefodizime (CDZ) in upper urinary tract infections (UUTI) and complicated lower urinary tract infections (LUTI) was assessed by analysis of the combined results of five clinical trials. Doses of CDZ 1 g i.m. daily, 1 x 2 g i.v. or i.m. and 2 x 2 g i.v. were investigated; comparative agents were cefurox...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01709945
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of cefodizime (CDZ) on CD4 and CD8 lymphocytes was investigated in patients with lower respiratory tract infection and underlying respiratory diseases. Ten men and one woman were treated with CDZ 1 g i.m. b.i.d. for ten days. The infecting organisms were Haemophilus influenzae (5), Streptococcus pneumoni...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01709955
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cefodizime was evaluated for its effect on a number of parameters of leukocyte function in humans. Four healthy volunteers received 2 g i.v. b.i.d. for seven days. Leukocyte activity was measured before, during and after treatment. Using opsonized zymosan as a stimulant, no effect on the respiratory burst of granulocy...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01709952
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three parameters--urinary symptoms, pyuria, and bacteriuria--can be used independently or in combination to define the presence of urinary tract infection. Using these parameters, several approaches to defining urinary infection in various clinical contexts are discussed. Similarly, approaches to the definition and cl...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01704358
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria-specific antibody responses in expressed prostatic secretions (EPS) were investigated by use of an indirect immunoperoxidase method. Positive responses were observed in all 12 patients with acute bacterial prostatis due to gram-negative rods. However, in 41 patients with chromic prostatitis, antibody response...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01704389
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to assess the resistance profile for fosfomycin trometamol after several years of clinical use in Italy, this study has explored the susceptibility to fosfomycin and eight other antibacterial drugs of 6,021 strains isolated from 23,816 urines during 1990 in three teaching hospitals located in Genoa, Parma and...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1007/BF01710017
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::GM-CSF is a hemopoietic growth factor with substantial effects on the proliferation of neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes/macrophages. Its physiologic role in infection is still poorly understood. The gene for GM-CSF is constitutively transcribed in cells substantial for antiinfectious response. Various cells are ...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF01705024
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In an open, randomized study, the effect of pefloxacin (400 mg b.i.d.) was compared with that of cefotaxime (1 g t.i.d.) in the treatment of complicated urinary tract infections. In total 87 patients entered the study under the clinical diagnosis of complicated urinary tract infection, of whom 49 were eligible for eva...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF01704892
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both aciclovir and brivudin are effective in the treatment of immunocompromised children with varicella-zoster virus infection. To determine which drug is preferable, a prospective randomized trial aciclovir vs. brivudin was conducted. Forty-three immunocompromised children were randomly assigned to receive aciclovir ...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/BF01726449
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surgical principles in the management of intraabdominal infection have remained constant. Rather, it is the application of these principles in selected cases that has varied. Judgement, therefore, becomes paramount for the surgeon. In selected cases multiple planned relaparotomies may be the most effective means of cl...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/BF01726464
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 40 intensive care patients, tissue oxygen partial pressure distribution within skeletal muscle was measured in order to estimate peripheral oxygen availability. In septic patients with multiple organ failure (n = 20) mean skeletal muscle pO2 was abnormally high (48.8 +/- 8.5 mmHg, p less than 0.001) in contrast to ...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01645355
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the in vitro activity of cefpodoxime against anaerobic respiratory tract and oropharyngeal pathogens 77 strains belonging to 18 gram-negative and 7 gram-positive species were studied by means of agar dilution tests. For comparison cefuroxime, amoxicillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and clindamycin were al...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01645372
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of clarithromycin in combination with ethambutol and rifampicin was tested at concentrations achievable in serum against 20 strains of Mycobacterium avium complex. The combination of clarithromycin plus rifampicin showed inhibition of 11 of the strains and bactericidal synergism against seven of the strai...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01645362
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to determine the infection rate of Chlamydia trachomatis in young males in Austria an epidemiological study was performed on 335 male Austrian soldiers attending the military hospital for a health check-up procedure. Three hundred twenty-nine (98.2%) of the screened males were clinically asymptomatic. Chlamyd...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01644946
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this open study the efficacy and tolerability of rufloxacin in a single dose of 400 mg the first day and 200 mg the nine consecutive days was studied in 26 patients with an acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. Twenty-two patients were evaluable for efficacy. Four patients stopped treatment prematurely after fi...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01644971
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlamydia trachomatis was isolated from three of 100 prostatic tissue specimens obtained from patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate. All examined patients were free from symptoms of urethral or prostatic inflammation. Our findings are in accordance with the high incidence of asymptomatic chlamydi...
journal_title:Infection
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01643241
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00